After the Under Glaze Decoration and Overglaze application, the wares are second time fired and this is called Glost firing. Since raw lead glazes were used in olden days, to avoid volatility the Saggars are coated with small amount of glaze. This prevents the volatility of lead compounds in the glaze. However raw lead glazes […]

Once the Under Glaze Decoration is over, the actual glaze is applied over the decorated ware which is also known as OVERGLAZE process. This needs a special glaze which can be either prepared in the same factory or can be outsourced from outside specialists who have the necessary technical expertise and control laboratories.
This glaze is […]

Under Glazed Lithographs can be applied to biscuitware just as to glazed ware. In lithos, the pattern is printed on a wax film or a simplex paper. The biscuitware is heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the wax and then the litho is pressed on to it. The backing paper is blown off by […]

This is a very sensitive and difficult process which creates lot of rejection if necessary precautions are not taken in the process. At this stage, biscuitware is first selected without any blemishes for Under Glaze Decoration. In some factories they do Under Glaze Decoration even on the dried clayware directly. The following are few […]

Earthenware products are normally fired to a maximum temperature of about 1150oC to 1180oC. Modern firing kilns operate with fully automated firing facilities with all regulating control systems automated. However most of the factories use pyrometers like Bullers Rings or Seger Cones to measure the heat work in individual kiln cars. In ceramics it is […]

In the earlier days, coal fired bottle ovens were employed and these are rapidly going out of use now. And modern tunnel kilns with open firing facilities are used. The wares are directly placed on bats of the kiln cars. Flatware is put on a thick plate of setter and the setter needs to be […]

After drying the rough edges of the dried articles are removed and this process is called towing. Special dust hoods are used for this operation where in rotating wheels are provided. The operator places the article on the wheel and rotates by holding a pad of nylon which removes the seams or unwanted sharp […]

In ceramic manufacturing, drying operation plays a very major and important role. Inadequate drying can lead to substantial losses and hence good drying facilities are of the greatest importance in the manufacturing of ceramic clay wares. The invention of new modern machinery has made faster rates of production and greatly improved outputs possible .
The present […]

Throwing and Turning is a special production technique used for making special articles. In this method the articles are made by throwing the plastic body on a potter’s wheel and subsequently finished in leather hard condition in a lathe by turning. This process is also used for making some cups where a ‘foot’ can not be […]

In the next stage the mould along with cast moves on the conveyor for required time so that the cast get hardened and contracted sufficiently to enable it to be removed from the mould by hand and put into a dryer. The empty mould is then moved back through the conveyor via a dryer for […]