Ceramic – Glass
Raw materials for Glass Manufacturing:
Solvay’s Process:
In some cases a small part of this “crude” bicarbonate, which although predominantly sodium bicarbonate also contains a mixture of different salts (ammonium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride), may be extracted from the Solvay process cycle to be dried as “crude” bicarbonate product made without purification, by simple drying process. This crude product may find applications in some commercial outlets. Sodium bicarbonate cake is heated (160 to 230°C) to achieve calcination into a solid phase «light soda ash» and a gaseous phase containing CO2, NH3 and H2O. This gas is cooled to condense water and the condensates formed are sent to distillation for NH3 recovery, either directly or via filter wash water. After cleaning, the gas (high CO2 concentration) is compressed and sent back to the carbonation columns. Normally, energy needed for sodium bicarbonate calcination is provided by steam that condenses in a tubular heat exchanger which rotates through the sodium bicarbonate. The method consisting of heating externally by gas or fuel oil combustion in a rotating drum containing sodium bicarbonate is occasionally encountered.
To be Contd…
