White Wall Tile Body:
The wall tile body also belongs to Earthenware and is used world wide for the production of white wall tiles. The common recipe used for making white wall tile body is as follows:
Ball Clay – 25%
China Clay – 25%
Quartz – 40%
Talc – 10%
The raw materials are mixed in a Ball mill […]

Jasper:
The Jasper body was first produced by Wedgwood and is still popular today throughout the world. It is also regarded as a vitreous earthenware body. In this body Barium Sulphate is used as a major Flux. The following is the common body recipe used throughout the wold:
Ball Clay - 26%
China Clay - 18%
Quartz - 11%
Barytes - 45%
All […]

Parian:
This is the most widely used body in earlier times for making figures. The raw materials used for making this body are China Clay, Ball Clay, Feldspar, Flint Glass. It produces a vitreous body with a marble like sheen which does not glazing.
The China Clay, Ball Clay, Feldspar and Flint Glass are mixed in […]

The main types of decoration applied on glaze in earthenware products are: Lining and Banding, including Gold Lining, Stamping, Spraying, Lithographing and Silk Screening. In some cases most expensive types of decoration such as ground laying and acid gold edge are also used.
The decorating process is similar to Under-Glaze operations. Gold lining and banding can […]

After the Under Glaze Decoration and Overglaze application, the wares are second time fired and this is called Glost firing. Since raw lead glazes were used in olden days, to avoid volatility the Saggars are coated with small amount of glaze. This prevents the volatility of lead compounds in the glaze. However raw lead glazes […]

Once the Under Glaze Decoration is over, the actual glaze is applied over the decorated ware which is also known as OVERGLAZE process. This needs a special glaze which can be either prepared in the same factory or can be outsourced from outside specialists who have the necessary technical expertise and control laboratories.
This glaze is […]

Under Glazed Lithographs can be applied to biscuitware just as to glazed ware. In lithos, the pattern is printed on a wax film or a simplex paper. The biscuitware is heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the wax and then the litho is pressed on to it. The backing paper is blown off by […]

This is a very sensitive and difficult process which creates lot of rejection if necessary precautions are not taken in the process. At this stage, biscuitware is first selected without any blemishes for Under Glaze Decoration. In some factories they do Under Glaze Decoration even on the dried clayware directly. The following are few […]

Earthenware products are normally fired to a maximum temperature of about 1150oC to 1180oC. Modern firing kilns operate with fully automated firing facilities with all regulating control systems automated. However most of the factories use pyrometers like Bullers Rings or Seger Cones to measure the heat work in individual kiln cars. In ceramics it is […]

In the earlier days, coal fired bottle ovens were employed and these are rapidly going out of use now. And modern tunnel kilns with open firing facilities are used. The wares are directly placed on bats of the kiln cars. Flatware is put on a thick plate of setter and the setter needs to be […]